Aortic valve replacement is a surgical procedure performed to replace a damaged or malfunctioning aortic valve with a prosthetic valve. The aortic valve is responsible for regulating blood flow from the heart's left ventricle to the aorta, and its proper function is crucial for maintaining healthy blood circulation. Aortic valve replacement may be necessary in cases of aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, or other conditions affecting the aortic valve.